巴山
发表于 2011-10-23 13:04:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
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巴山
发表于 2011-10-23 13:05:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
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巴山
发表于 2011-10-23 13:23:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
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巴山
发表于 2011-10-24 17:36:00
Re:Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
<P><blockquote><img border=0 src=static/image/common/icon-quote.gif> <b>老二2010:</b><br>巴山老师，你的胡杨篇章太精彩咯！</blockquote></P><P>看来你喜欢胡杨</P>
巴山
发表于 2011-10-24 23:21:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="9" Month="10" Year="2011"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT color=#ff0000>10</FONT></SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN></FONT></st1:chsdate><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（第十一天）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 额济纳——巴丹吉林大沙漠——宁夏银川（</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="786" UnitName="公里"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">786</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 此时已是午夜</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点了，我已非常疲惫，但仍然要坚持记下今天的行程，十一天来，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">每天都很紧张，都很兴奋，也很有收获，也非常辛苦疲劳。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">今天开始返程了，按计划不走回头路，而走巴丹吉林大沙漠到银川（宁夏）——陕西</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">——四川——重庆梁平，中途辗转延安、壶口瀑布、西安等，预计需要</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从内蒙西北的额济纳到银川要穿越近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">800</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里的大沙漠，广袤、荒凉的戈壁大漠（世界</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第三大沙漠）。行程再一次令我震惊，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">800</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里，其中只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个安全检查站，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个加油站，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一个小镇，其余全部荒无人烟，几处三三两两的野骆驼散落在戈壁里觅食、寻水，基本没有</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">连片的草丛，更没有树林，偶尔有几段有些生命力顽强的零星的草丛，大风吹过，黄沙</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">漫天飞舞，沙丘迅速迁移，侵蚀新的地盘……，沙漠堪忧，国土堪忧、人类堪忧啊！</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全程</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">786</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里，有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里高速，其余为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">312</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">218</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">省道。沙漠里的道路平坦，也没有陡坡和急弯，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般能跑到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">100-120</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里的时速，但路窄，只恰好一来一往两个车道，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="True" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="8" UnitName="米">-8<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN lang=EN-US>米</SPAN></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">宽，仅有的一条</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">交通要道，大型长途货车较多，超车、错车很是勉强，也很危险，需要驾驶经验丰富，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">而且精神集中，否则后果严重。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经过一整天急驰，晚</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点到达宁夏省府银川，戈壁途中有幸看到了传说中的海市蜃楼，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">遇到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">起野骆驼。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">说到宁夏，就不得不提到“西夏”，贺兰山下、六盘山西北的西夏王朝，这个当年与北宋、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 南宋王朝分庭抗礼，又水乳交融</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>200</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">多年的党项民族地域政权，当年主要发祥地就在现在的</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 宁夏地区，强盛时期控制了宁夏、内蒙西南、甘肃东南、陕西北部等广大的地区。</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0; TEXT-INDENT: 144pt; mso-char-indent-count: 12.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT color=#ff0000 size=3>满江红</FONT></SPAN></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0; TEXT-INDENT: 180pt; mso-char-indent-count: 15.0"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>[</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">岳飞</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>] </FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">怒发冲冠，凭栏处、潇潇雨歇。抬望眼、仰天长啸，壮怀激烈。三十功名尘与土，</SPAN></FONT></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 八千里路云和月。莫等闲、白了少年头，空悲切。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT color=#ff0000 size=3> 靖康耻，犹未雪；臣子恨，何时灭。驾长车，踏破贺兰山缺。壮志饥餐胡虏肉，</FONT></SPAN></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT color=#ff0000 size=3> 笑谈渴饮匈奴血。待从头、收拾旧山河。朝天阙。</FONT></SPAN></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">遥望中原，荒烟外、许多城郭。想当年，花遮柳护，凤楼龙阁。万岁山前珠翠绕，</SPAN></FONT></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 蓬壶殿里笙歌作。到而今、铁骑满效畿，风尘恶。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT color=#ff0000 size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 兵安在？膏锋锷。民安在？填沟壑。叹江山如故，千村寥落。何日请缨提锐旅，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 一鞭直渡清河洛。却归来、再续汉阳游，骑黄鹤</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>.</FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></PRE><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT color=#ff0000> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体>贺兰山海拔并不太高，并不十分险峻的山区多处地名，还留存着当年硝烟与金戈铁马</FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体>的痕迹。民族英雄岳飞那一阕传诵千古的《满江红》之赐，使贺兰山成为声名显赫的名字。<SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体> 但长久以来，尽管《满江红》吟咏过无数遍，尽管是<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>驾长车踏破贺兰山缺<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN>唱得壮怀激烈，却没有多少人－－包括我自己，试图去寻思贺兰山到底在哪里，贺兰山除了概括</FONT></FONT></P><P><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体> 岳飞的壮志豪情和<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>饥餐胡虏肉、渴饮匈奴血<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>的悲愤意象之外，它还有些什么别的涵义。<SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 原来，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">贺兰</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">在蒙古语里是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">骏马</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">的意思。而这个名字其实源自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1700</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">多年前的西晋时代。</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 那时，从大漠以北南迁的贺兰部匈奴人在这一代驻牧，随后这个氏族的名字也成了山名。</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 西夏在中国西北部，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">西夏</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">之名是北宋对于当时地处西北的党项羌族政权的称谓。西夏的</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 疆域</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">东尽黄河，西界玉门，南接萧关，北控大漠，地方万余里</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">，曾经横跨现今的宁夏、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 甘肃、青海、陕西、内蒙古，当其国势最强盛之际，业已扩张到青海的西宁、新疆的哈密一带了！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">按正式的立国时日计算，西夏存国</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>190</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年（公元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1038~1227</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年）；然而若依历史实情而言，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 即如《宋史》所载的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">虽未称国而王其土</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">的夏州政权算起，则是实历</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>347</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年之久，这就要比起北宋</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 和南宋相加之年还要多出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>27</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">党项是一个曾经拥有光辉文化的少数民族，这是一个历史似谜的古代政权。西夏国是由藏缅</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 语系的党项民族建立（中国汉族史籍中称其为党项，与其为邻的突厥人、鞑靼、蒙古人则称为</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 唐古特人）。这个游牧并且农耕的民族，这个位居西北的异族政权，不是一个甘于寂寞落伍的民族</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 和政权，它积极汲取了汉民族和北宋政权的文化营养。创制出了自己的文字，制定了自己的典章、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 礼仪制度，形成了与汉民族文化具有姻亲的西夏文化。历史学家戴锡章写完《西夏记》后感慨万端，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 曾喟然而叹：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">夫西夏声明文物，诚不能与宋相匹，然观其制国书、厘官制、定新律、兴汉学、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 立养贤务、置博士弟子员。尊孔子为文宣帝，彬彬乎质有其文，固未尝不可与辽金比烈！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>” </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">然而辽金有史，西夏无史。西夏国及其人民的命运是悲惨的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">据明代《弘治宁夏新志》记载：成吉思汗对西夏的征服战争，从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1205</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1227</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">先后进行过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">次。其中在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1209</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1217</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1226~1227</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年的三次大型战争中，蒙古国大军都曾</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">进据贺兰山，包围西夏国都中兴府，进行了大规模的杀戮与破坏。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1226~1227</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年成吉思汗发动</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">的最后一次灭夏战争，西夏百姓</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">穿凿土石，以避锋镝，免者百无一二，白骨蔽野</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">。公元</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1227</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">一代天骄成吉思汗在出征途中病死六盘山，其军队遂将亡帅之恨移泄西夏</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>——</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">蒙古铁骑在其副帅</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 的指挥下，回师北上，发疯一般地狂烈进攻西夏国都（今之银川市一带），所到之处，逢人便杀、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 遇房就烧，劫掠财物、奸杀妇孺、毁宫掘墓。一时间，西夏国内尸横遍野、血流若河，浓烟蔽地、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">紫血腥天。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">征服者的残酷无比的报复镇压，使得雄赫一时的西夏灭国。随着朝代迭替、战火频仍，西夏的</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">文物典籍毁坏殆尽，地处边陲的西夏除了征掠外邻之外，原本就是近乎闭关锁国，如此而来，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">遂成一个近乎苍白的历史词汇般的神秘王国。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT size=3>西夏文字难识难读，因为它是西夏大臣野利仁荣在国王李元昊的授权下，独自居住一座楼上，</FONT></SPAN></PRE><PRE style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT size=3>根据汉字的造字特点和提取了部分汉字偏旁部首、笔画，参照融合了契丹文字的造型，演绎成十二卷，</FONT></SPAN></PRE><PRE style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><FONT size=3> 经过好几年才创制出来的颇具个性特征的民族文字。</FONT></SPAN></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">在北京之北的居庸关附近的石券上镌刻着西夏文字、在于今的保定市莲池公园中的一幢多种文字</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 集于一身的元代时期的经幢上刻凿着西夏经文、在内蒙古的地下埋藏着西夏文钱币、在甘肃榆林佛窟</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">的墙上书写着西夏文字、在西夏故都银川附近的古老建筑中留存着西夏文字的雍容丽姿</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>……</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1909</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">俄国人柯兹洛夫组织的探险队更是从中国的黑水城（额济纳旗哈拉浩特）掘走了大量的西夏典籍、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">文书、图卷等珍贵文物，其中就有至今最为完整的西夏文法典</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>——</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">《天盛年改旧定新律令》。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">西夏的开国之王李元昊是一个能征善战的枭雄，为了生时尊荣，他穷兵黩武，东讨西伐，南掠北夺，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">终将方圆数千里囊括自己的势力范围。他生性凶残暴戾，反复无常，处世以一己之利为天下任，为满足</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 淫欲不顾父子情分夺媳为妃，乃至竟被儿子的利刃削去鼻子；为了身后事，他大兴土木，大造陵寝；</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 他深知自己作恶多方，结怨深重，惟恐死后魂魄难安，不惜遣数万人在贺兰山脚造墓三百余座</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">（待其死后暗葬其一），而陵墓既成工匠们则悉数尽作刀下之鬼矣！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">然而，历史不依人的意志为转移。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">乖戾、嚣张、不可一世的独夫怎么也想不到苦苦经营的李氏王国最后会被更为凶悍的蒙古铁骑灭亡，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 会被异族侵略者掘墓毁陵，会遭到近乎歇斯底里般的疯狂破坏。在西夏陵区，迄今发现的西夏碑文</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"> 残块竟达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>2000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">余块，汉文残碑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>1500</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">余块，支离破碎、触目惊心！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">西夏国崇奉佛教，西夏统治者和蒙元王朝一样，在征战四方的同时，还大力推崇佛教，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">一方面是为了教化子民以维护其统治地位，另一方面也是出于因杀戮太多而造成的心理失衡与企图</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">寻求忏悔。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">在西夏的中后期，西夏王室曾经多次召开大法会，延请高僧大德并尊为上师、国师，大事宣传佛法，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">散施佛经、咒语、佛画，使得自五代至宋以来本已衰落的佛教文化注入了藏密的新鲜内容，再度在</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">西北地区复兴起来，进而又经过蒙古人广布于中国北方地区。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">西夏佛教的兴盛，促进着西夏的建筑、绘画、雕塑艺术逐渐走向成熟的高峰，不仅在佛寺浮屠等</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">建筑上被大量应用，还渗透到官方、民间的生活当中，如莲花便是西夏上层社会用以美化生活、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">美化环境的艺术装饰题材，它既美观素雅又具有一定的宗教含义。传说佛祖出世后走了七步，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">每一步都生出一朵莲花状祥云，民间俗称</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">步步莲花</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">，故此莲花也被称作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">佛花</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">宝相花</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">净土花</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">，在西夏国中作为佛教艺术中的代表性花朵。莲花图案的应用在西夏法律里面列有定规，</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">因此而成为寺庙宫殿的雕塑、绘画、砖瓦和上层人物使用的盆、碗器皿以及一些宗教印刷品中</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">屡屡出现的重要植物图案；不少带有木版画插图的书籍除了莲、荷、花朵等植物画外，牛、马、</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">鸟、骆驼之类的动物和人像、佛像、神像等造型也是形态逼真、构图完美、栩栩如生，兼具了</SPAN></FONT></PRE><PRE style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">中国和尼泊尔造型艺术的风格</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial>,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">表现出西夏民族的艺术造诣与审美取向。</SPAN></FONT></PRE><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">宁夏，地域并不宽广，土地并不肥沃，物产也不丰富，地理位置也无特殊优势的地方，也能演绎神奇，造就一代枭雄与强盛国邦，它的历史竟也无比辉煌与深厚。中国了不起！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">华夏这一广大的土地，无论何时何处都那样的故事丰富，引人入胜。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P><P><img border=0 src=http://i.cqlp.cc/attachment/bbsxp/UpAttachment/2011-10/20111024232050UER4519.jpg></P>
巴山
发表于 2011-10-24 23:21:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
<P><IMG src="http://i.cqlp.cc/attachment/bbsxp/UpAttachment/2011-10/20111024232118EAP4519.jpg" border=0></P><P><FONT color=#ff0000> 这些小草是戈壁大漠特有的植物，耐旱耐风，生命力顽强，它们是未来沙漠变绿洲的希望。。。</FONT></P><P> </P><P><IMG src="http://i.cqlp.cc/attachment/bbsxp/UpAttachment/2011-10/20111024232139XGJ4519.jpg" border=0></P><p>［此帖子已被 巴山 在 2011-10-24 23:49:09 编辑过］
石马归云
发表于 2011-10-24 18:13:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
安逸!赞一个！。。。。。。
黑洞
发表于 2011-10-24 21:37:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
<FONT face=黑体 size=7><STRONG>好作品</STRONG></FONT>
巴山
发表于 2011-10-24 23:28:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="11" Month="10" Year="2011"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <FONT color=#ff0000> 10</FONT></SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">11</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN></FONT></st1:chsdate><FONT color=#ff0000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（第十三天）（西安寻古）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 回程两天跑了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1500</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">公里，加之阴雨绵绵，决定放弃壶口瀑布，在古城西安稍事休息，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">寻古观赏，放松放松。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 西安作为几朝古都，在中国历史上地位突出，方正的城市，厚重古老的城墙，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高亢悠怨的秦腔，大碗的羊肉泡膜，许多的历史古迹，让人感觉这是一座浸泡在历史中的</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">城市，大明宫词，长恨歌悠，火光中的阿房宫，陈列威武兵马佣地下兵团，华清池温泉水滑</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">洗凝脂，骊山捉蒋亭笑谈往事，华山自古一条道，安塞腰鼓响彻千年，大雁塔典藏富斗牛，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">法门寺舍利灵光昭昭，碑林书法楷模天下，黄河壶口万马奔腾，宝塔山日出红光破云雾，</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">杨家岭窟洞里走出新中国……</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P><P><img border=0 src=http://i.cqlp.cc/attachment/bbsxp/UpAttachment/2011-10/20111024232826EFG4519.jpg></P>
巴山
发表于 2011-10-24 23:41:00
Re:在路上之大西北六省万里行
<P><FONT color=#0000ff size=6> 全贴完毕，</FONT></P><P><FONT color=#0000ff size=6> 谢谢你的观看！</FONT></P>
